Gum grafting is a surgical procedure that aims to restore and strengthen gum tissue. It can cover exposed tooth roots, reduce sensitivity, prevent further recession, and improve the aesthetics of your smile.
It is not just a cosmetic procedure; it plays an important role in maintaining the health of your teeth and gums in the long term.
Gum diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis are common problems that can seriously affect your oral health. They cause discomfort, bleeding and inflammation. In advanced cases, they can also lead to a condition in which the gums recede, exposing the root of the tooth.
This makes the teeth more sensitive to cold and hot, increases the risk of developing root caries, and can ultimately lead to tooth loss.
Methods of gum graft
There are several different techniques for gum grafting, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Choice of a particular technique depends on the individual patient and the degree of gum recession.
The most common methods are the free gum graft, connective tissue graft, and coronally advanced flap.
Free gum graft
Involves taking a thin layer of tissue from the roof of the patient’s mouth and grafting it into the area of gum recession. This technique is often used to increase the thickness of the gum and provide a stronger shield for the root of the tooth.
It is effective in cases where a significant increase in gum volume is needed.
Connective tissue graft
Is a more complex procedure in which only the submucosal layer of tissue is taken from the roof of the mouth and the epithelium is replaced. This graft is placed under the gingival flap in the area of recession.
A connective tissue graft provides a more predictable result in terms of gum color and texture, and is often the preferred option for covering exposed roots in aesthetically important areas.
Coronally advanced flap
Involves carefully moving the existing gum in the area of recession up to the crown of the tooth. This technique is appropriate in cases where there is enough gum to cover the exposed root, but the gum is too low.
A coronally advanced flap allows the natural color and texture of the gum to be preserved and is often used to cover small areas of recession.
A thorough examination by a periodontist is necessary
A thorough examination by a periodontist or oral surgeon is necessary before undergoing a gum graft. The doctor will evaluate the condition of the gums, teeth, and bone tissue, determine the cause of the gum recession, and select the most appropriate grafting technique.
It is important to treat any active gum diseases, such as gingivitis or periodontitis, before the surgery. It is also necessary to perform professional oral hygiene to remove plaque and tartar, which can interfere with healing.
After gum grafting
It is important to strictly follow your dentist’s instructions for oral care. Avoid hard and tough foods for several weeks, and eat soft and liquid foods. Brush your teeth thoroughly with a soft toothbrush, avoiding the area of the transplant.
Your dentist may prescribe antiseptic mouth rinses and antibiotics to prevent infection. Regular visits to the dentist are necessary to monitor healing and maintain long-term gum health.
What determines the success of gum grafting?
The success of gum grafting depends on many factors, including surgical technique, the condition of the gums and teeth. The patient’s oral hygiene and general health are also important. In most cases, gum grafting allows for the successful covering of exposed tooth roots. It also reduces sensitivity, prevents further recession and improves the aesthetics of the smile.
However, it is important to understand that this is a surgical procedure that requires careful planning and professional execution.